Basic File System Navigation

Changing Directories

Switch between drives and navigate folders using the cd command:

D:          # Switch to D drive
F:          # Switch to F drive
cd \        # Navigate to root directory
cd Windows  # Enter Windows folder
cd ..       # Move up one directory level
cd /d E:\Projects  # Switch drives and directories simultaneously

Use cd /? to display comprehensive help information for directory navigation.

Listing Directory Contents

Display files and folders in the current directory:

dir

For avdanced options including hidden files, use dir /? to view available parameters.

Directory Management

Create and remove directories:

md NewFolder      # Create new directory
rd OldFolder      # Remove empty directory

Network and System Information

IP Configuration

Display network adapter information:

ipconfig

Network Connectivity Testing

Check connection to remote hosts:

ping google.com
ping 192.168.1.1

Network Connection Monitoring

View active network connections and associated processes:

netstat -ano      # Show all connections with process IDs
netstat -an       # Display numeric addresses without name resolution

Process Management

Terminating Processes

End running processes using taskkill:

taskkill /IM notepad.exe /F          # Force close Notepad
taskkill /PID 1234 /T                # Terminate process and child processes
taskkill /F /FI "USERNAME eq Administrator" /IM chrome.exe

Key parameters:

• /IM imagename: Specify process by executable name
• /PID processid: Target specific process ID
• /F: Force termination
• /T: Kill child processes

File Operations

File Manipulation

copy source.txt destination.txt    # Duplicate file
move document.doc backup\          # Relocate file
del temporary.tmp                  # Delete file

Text File Operations

echo "New content" > data.txt      # Overwrite file
echo "Additional text" >> log.txt  # Append to file

Utility Commands

Screen Management

cls        # Clear command prompt display

Network Path Tracing

Track packet route to destination:

tracert target.com

Text Search and Filtering

netstat -ano | find "ESTABLISHED"   # Filter connections
find "search_term" data.txt         # Search within files

Command Assistance

Built-in Help System

Access command documentation:

help                    # List all available commands
command_name /?         # Show specific command syntax
netstat -help          # Alternative help format

Input/Output Redirection

dir > filelist.txt              # Save output to file
sort < input.txt                # Read input from file
systeminfo | find "OS"          # Pipe output between commands

Productiviyt Shortcuts

Keyboard Operations

• Ctrl + C: Terminate current command
• Up/Down Arrow: Navigate command history
• Tab: Auto-complete file and folder names

Windows System Shortcuts

Windows + E: Open File Explorer
Windows + D: Show desktop
Windows + L: Lock workstation
Ctrl + Shift + Esc: Launch Task Manager
Ctrl + F: Open search dialog