1. Overview

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FastDFS is an open-source lightweight distributed file system consisting of three main components: tracker servers, storage servers, and clients.

The system has two primary roles:

• Tracker Service: Handles coordination and load balancing across the cluster.
• Storage Service: Manages file storage, synchronization, and file access interfaces, maintaining file metadata in a key-value format.

Storage servers within the same group communicate with eachother for file synchronization, while servers in different groups operate independently.

2. Installation

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2.1 Installing libfastcommon

unzip libfastcommon-master.zip
cd libfastcommon-master
yum install gcc
./make.sh && ./make.sh install

2.2 Installing FastDFS

unzip fastdfs-master.zip
cd fastdfs-master
./make.sh && ./make.sh install

2.3 Configuring the Tracker Service

mkdir -pv /data/fastdfs_tracker

Step 1: Modify the configuration file

cd /etc/fdfs
cp tracker.conf.sample tracker.conf
vim tracker.conf
base_path=/data/fastdfs_tracker

Step 2: Start the service

/etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start
netstat -lnt | grep 22122

2.4 Configuring the Storage Service

mkdir -pv /data/fastdfs_storage/data
mkdir -pv /data/fastdfs_storage/files

Step 1: Modify the configuration file

cd /etc/fdfs
cp storage.conf.sample storage.conf
vim storage.conf
base_path=/data/fastdfs_storage/data
store_path0=/data/fastdfs_storage/files
tracker_server=192.168.5.20:22122
tracker_server=192.168.5.21:22122

Step 2: Start the service

/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
netstat -lnt | grep 23000

2.5 Verifying Service Registration

Check if the storage server has successfully registered with the tracker:

/usr/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

2.6 Client Configuration

cd /etc/fdfs
cp client.conf.sample client.conf
vim client.conf
base_path=/var/log/fastdfs
tracker_server=192.168.5.20:22122
tracker_server=192.168.5.21:22122

2.7 File Operations

Upload a file:

fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /etc/passwd

Donwload a file:

fdfs_download_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgJFxlpqrAep2zqAAAEINsBJNc3958404

View file information:

fdfs_file_info /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgJFxlpqrAep2zqAAAEINsBJNc3958404

Delete a file:

fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgJFxlpqrAep2zqAAAEINsBJNc3958404

Append operation:

echo content1 > part1.txt
echo content2 > part2.txt
fdfs_upload_appender /etc/fdfs/client.conf part1.txt
# Download to verify content matches part1.txt
fdfs_append_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgCDFhQDwuET0QeAAAAAEd3frE088.txt part2.txt
# Download again to verify combined content

2.8 Removing a Storage Node

# Step 1: Stop the storage service
/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged stop

# Step 2: Remove the node from the cluster
fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf delete group1 192.168.5.21

3. PHP Client Integration

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# Install PHP and required extensions
yum install php php-devel php-fpm php-mbstring php-common

# Build the PHP client module
cd fastdfs-master/php_client
/usr/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
make && make install

# Add configuration to PHP
cat fastdfs_client.ini >> /etc/php.ini

# Test the client
/usr/bin/php fastdfs_test.php

# Verify configuration
/usr/bin/php -i | grep configure
/usr/bin/php -i | grep php.ini

4. Java Client Integration

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# Verify Java environment
java -version

# Download and build the Java client
# From: https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-client-java
yum install ant
cd fastdfs-client-java/src
ant
# Generated JAR: /root/fastdfs-client-java/src/build/fastdfs_client.jar

Upload using Java client:

java -cp fastdfs_client.jar org.csource.fastdfs.test.TestClient /etc/fdfs/client.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Monitor cluster status:

java -cp fastdfs_client.jar org.csource.fastdfs.test.Monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf

5. Nginx Module Configuration

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Download from: https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module

# Extract the module
unzip fastdfs-nginx-module-master.zip

# Recompile Nginx with the module (backup existing binary first)
cd nginx
./configure --prefix=/app/nginx --add-module=/root/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/
make
cp objs/nginx /app/nginx/sbin/nginx

# Copy configuration files
cd /root/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/
cp mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/
cd /root/fastdfs/conf/
cp anti-steal.jpg http.conf mime.types /etc/fdfs/

# Create log file
touch /var/log/mod_fastdfs.log
chown nginx.nginx /var/log/mod_fastdfs.log

# Configure Nginx
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
location /group1/M00 {
    root /data/fastdfs_storage/files;
    ngx_fastdfs_module;
}

# Configure the module
vim /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf
tracker_server=192.168.5.20:22122
tracker_server=192.168.5.21:22122
url_have_group_name=true
store_path0=/data/fastdfs_storage/files
log_filename=/var/log/mod_fastdfs.log
response_mode=proxy

# Restart Nginx
nginx -t
nginx -s stop && nginx

5.1 Testing Upload

fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf sample_image.jpg

Access the file via browser: http://192.168.5.20/group1/M00/00/00/wKgXhVh545iAP6ETADyH-kmtQ2U888.jpg

Important: In production environments, the fastdfs-nginx-module should be installed on every storage server to enable direct file access.