MySQL is a widely used open-source relational database. Installation steps can vary between versions; this guide details the process for MySQL 5.7.28.

1. Obtain MySQL 5.7.28 from the official archives. Download the 64-bit Linux version:

   wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   

2. Remove existing MariaDB or MySQL installations:

   rpm -qa | grep mariadb
   rpm -qa | grep mysql
   

   Uninstall detected packages:

   yum remove mariadb-xxx mysql-xxx
   

3. Extract the archive and relocate:

   tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt
   mv /opt/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql-5.7.28
   

4. Create a symbolic link:

   ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.28 /usr/local/mysql
   

5. Configure system user and permissions:

   useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql
   chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql-5.7.28
   

6. Create and edit /etc/my.cnf:

   [mysqld]
   log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.log
   expire-logs-days=14
   max-binlog-size=500M
   server-id=1
   basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
   user=mysql
   default-storage-engine=InnoDB
   character-set-server=utf8
   lower_case_table_names=1
   explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
   
   [mysqld_safe]
   log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-error.log
   pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
   
   [client]
   socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
   
   [mysql]
   default-character-set=utf8
   socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
   

7. Initialize the database:

   cd /usr/local/mysql
   bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
   

   If dependencies are missing, install autoconf:

   yum install -y autoconf
   

   Ensure log directories exist:

   mkdir /usr/local/mysql/logs
   chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/logs
   

   Note the temporary root password generated during initialization.

8. Set up the service script:

   cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
   

9. Start MySQL:

   service mysqld start
   

   If log file errors occur, create and permission the file:

   touch /usr/local/mysql/mysql-error.log
   chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-error.log
   

10. Add MySQL to the system path:

    Edit /etc/profile:

    export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
    export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
    

    Apply changes:

    source /etc/profile
    

11. Secure and configure access:

    Log in with the temporary password:

    mysql -u root -p
    

    Change the password:

    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassword';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    

    Enable remote access:

    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'RemotePassword';
    

12. Service management commands:

    service mysqld start    # Start service
    service mysqld stop     # Stop service
    service mysqld restart  # Restart service
    service mysqld status   # Check status