Setting Up HBase Single-Node Environment for Big Data Processing

Prerequisites

Server Specifications

Cloud Instance: Basic tier (pay-as-you-go)
Operating System: Linux CentOS 6.8
CPU: 1 core
Memory: 1GB
Storage: 40GB

Software Stack

Java Development Kit: Version 1.8 (jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz)
Apache Hadoop: Version 2.8.2 (hadoop-2.8.2.tar.gz)
Apache HBase: Version 1.2.6 (hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz)

Download Sources

Official Websites:

System Configuration

Hostname Configuration

Begin by setting up the hostname for easier management.

Check current hostname:

hostname

Edit the network configuration file:

vim /etc/sysconfig/network

Modify the HOSTNAME parameter to your desired name.

Note: Reboot the system for changes to take effect.

Update the hosts file:

vim /etc/hosts

Add IP address and corresponding hostname mappings.

Note: This mapping is essential when using hostnames in configuration files!

Firewall Management

Disable firewall for etxernal access:

For CentOS 7 and below:

service iptables stop

For CentOS 7 and above:

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Time Synchronization

Verify server time consistency:

date

Adjust time if necessary:

date -s 'MMDDhhmmYYYY.ss'

HBase Installation Process

HBase Package Extraction

Extract the downloaded HBase archive:

tar -xvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz

Move to designated directory:

mv hbase-1.2.6 /home/hbase

Environment Setup

System Variables Configuration

Edit the profile file /etc/profile and add:

export HBASE_HOME=/home/hbase/hbase-1.2.6
export PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${HADOOP_HOME}/bin:${HBASE_HOME}/bin:$PATH

Apply the configuration:

source /etc/profile

Verify installation:

hbase version

Directory Structure Creation

Create necessary directories:

mkdir /root/hbase
mkdir /root/hbase/temp_data
mkdir /root/hbase/process_ids

Navigate to configuration directory: /home/hbase/hbase-1.2.6/conf

hbase-env.sh Modification

Edit hbase-env.sh and include these settings:

export JAVA_HOME=/home/java/jdk1.8
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/hadoop2.8
export HBASE_HOME=/home/hbase/hbase-1.2.6
export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/home/hadoop/hadoop2.8/etc/hadoop
export HBASE_PID_DIR=/root/hbase/process_ids
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

Explanation: Adjust paths according to your setup. HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false disables HBase's built-in Zookeeper cluster.

hbase-site.xml Configuration

Edit hbase-site.xml within <configuration> tags:

<!-- Storage directory -->
<property>
  <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
  <value>hdfs://test1:9000/hbase</value>
  <description>The directory shared by region servers.</description>
</property>

<!-- HBase port -->
<property>
  <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort</name>
  <value>2181</value>
  <description>Property from ZooKeeper's config zoo.cfg. The port at which the clients will connect.</description>
</property>

<!-- Timeout duration -->
<property>
  <name>zookeeper.session.timeout</name>
  <value>120000</value>
</property>

<!-- Zookeeper cluster configuration -->
<property>
  <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  <value>test1</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name>
  <value>/root/hbase/temp_data</value>
</property>

<!-- Mode selection: false=single node, true=distributed -->
<property>
  <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
  <value>false</value>
</property>

Explanation: hbase.rootdir serves as the shared directory for region servers, enabling HBase persistence. hbase.cluster.distributed determines operational mode. When set to false, HBase and Zookeeper run within the same JVM.

Starting HBase Service

After successfully starting Hadoop:

Navigate to HBase bin directory:

cd /home/hbase/hbase-1.2.6/bin

Start HBase:

./start-hbase.sh

Access the web interface at: http://39.108.208.105:16010/

Successful deployment displays the HBase management interface.

HBase Shell Operations

Access HBase shell:

hbase shell

List existing tables:

list

Since HBase uses columnar storage, table creation differs from traditional relational databases.

Create a user table t_user with two column families cf1 and cf2:

create 't_user', 'cf1', 'cf2'

Insert data into the table:

put 't_user', '1001', 'cf1:age', '18'

put 't_user', '1001', 'cf2:name', 'john_doe'

Scan table contents:

scan 't_user'

View table schema:

describe 't_user'

Delete specific record:

delete 't_user', '1001', 'cf1:age'

Remove entire table: First disable the table:

disable 't_user'

Then drop it:

drop 't_user'

Tags: HBase big-data single-node installation configuration

Posted on Tue, 16 Jun 2026 16:49:07 +0000 by Yesideez

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