1. Vehicle Adjustments

1. Seat Adjustment

   • Height: Adjust so your eyes are level with the upper-middle area of the windshield. Keep at least a fist-sized gap between your head and the roof to avoid striking it on bumps.
   • Fore/Aft: Position so your knees are bent at about 90° and there is clearance between your knees and the steering wheel. Your feet should reach the pedals comfortably.
   • Recline: Set the backrest angle between 100° and 120° to reduce spinal fatigue.

2. Steering Wheel Adjustment

   • Locate the adjustment lever beneath the left side of the steering column.
   • Adjust for both reach and tilt to ensure legroom and proper hand position.
   • A common technique: extend your arm straight and rest it on top of the steering wheel; adjust so your wrist contacts the wheel rim.
   • Unlock the lever, move the wheel, then lock it firmly in place.

3. Mirror Adjustment

   • First, finalize your seat and steering wheel position.
   • Center (Rearview): Position the horizon in the middle of the mirror. Adjust so your right ear appears near the left edge of the mirror, maximizing your rear view.
   • Left External Mirror: Set the horizon to split the mirror roughly in half (sky above, ground below). Adjust horizontally so the side of your car occupies about the right quarter of the mirror (you should see the entire front door handle).
   • Right External Mirror: Tilt downward so the ground occupies about two-thirds of the mirror. Adjust horizontally so the car’s side occupies about the left quarter (again, see the entire front door handle). This helps with parallel parking and judging distances to curbs.

2. Driving Posture

• Sit upright with your back against the seat.
• Knees bent at roughly 90° with space between knees and steering wheel.
• Maintain atleast 25 cm between the steering wheel and your chest.
• Adjust the backrest so your entire back is supported.
• Keep both hands on the outer ring of the steering wheel (9 and 3 o’clock positions) with your arms slightly bent to ensure you can see all dashboard instruments.

3. Right of Way

• General hierarchy (informal): Straight > Left turn > Right turn > U-turn > Electric scooters > Pedestrians.
• Yield to the right: At uncontrolled intersections or when merging, the vehicle on the right has priority.

4. Road Classification

• Urban Road: Has curbs and sidewalks.
• Rural Road (Highway): No sidewalks.
• Expressway: No intersections.
• Elevated Road: No intersections.
• Freeway: No intersections.

5. Speed Limits

• City zones with a 30 km/h sign often lack speed cameras.
• Urban Road: 30 km/h (no center line), 50 km/h (with center line).
• Rural Road: 40 km/h (no center line), 70 km/h (with center line).
• Expressway: Typically 60–80 km/h.
• Freeway: Maximum 120 km/h, minimum 60 km/h.
• National/Provincial Highways: Typically 60–80 km/h.

6. Left Turn

• Prohibited: Obey a "No Left Turn" sign.
• Stop line (solid): Stop before the line on a red left-turn signal.
• Signal-controlled: Follow the left-turn arrow.
• Uncontrolled intersection: Yield to oncoming straight traffic, pedestrians, and any vehicles with priority.
• Left-turn waiting area: Enter the waiting area on a straight green light; wait for the left-turn green arrow. Do not cross the waiting area lines.
• Obstacle: When passing a fixed obstacle (like a yellow bollard), start turning only after your shoulder passes it.

7. Right Turn

• Prohibited: Obey a "No Right Turn" sign.
• Dedicated right-turn lane with a full red light: You may not turn right.
• Stendard intersection with a full red light: You may turn right after yielding to pedestrians and vehicles.
• Arrow signal: Red arrow = stop; green arrow = go.

8. U-Turn

• Prohibited: Look for "No U-Turn" signs.
• Broken center line: You may make a U-turn without waiting for a green light, but do not impede oncoming traffic or pedestrians.
• Gap in median: On the broken line side, you may turn without a green; on the solid line side, you must wait for the green.
• Median without a gap: Wait for the left-turn green, cross the crosswalk, then complete the U-turn.
• With a waiting area: Enter the waiting area on a straight green, then turn on the left-turn green.

9. Judging Distance

Principle: Look far for width, look near for height.

• Far: Assess whether the road ahead is wide enough.
• Near: Estimate distance by watching how the hood (bonnet) overlaps obstacles.

Left Side Distance

• Obstacle base visible: When the obstacle’s base reaches about the left fifth of the hood, the left mirror is very close to the obstacle.
• Obstacle base not visible: When the left corner of the hood passes the obstacle:
  • For a car: if you can still see its headlights, you have enough space.
  • For a pedestrian: if the hood corner aligns with their lower leg (shin), it is safe.

Right Side Distance

• Obstacle base visible: When the obstacle’s base reaches about the right third of the hood, the right mirror is very close.
• Obstacle base not visible: When the right corner of the hood passes the obstacle:
  • For a car: if you see its headlights, you can pass.
  • For a pedestrian: if the hood corner aligns with their shin, it is safe.

Note: These reference points vary by vehicle size and seat height. Adjust based on your specific setup.