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Resource Integration Update the hosts file and copy static resources to nginx. Place dynamic template files in the order service's templates directory and adjust resource paths. Configure routing in the gateway similar to creating a new service. SpringSession Integration Import required dependencies according to official documentation and confi ...

Rate Limiting Fundamentals Rate limiting serves as a critical safeguard for backend services facing massive concurrent requests. The core principle involves controlling inbound traffic volume to prevent system overload. Common real-world parallels include medical appointment systems with daily quotas, parking facilities displaying "full&qu ...

Parallelism and Operator Chains The parallelism of a specific operator is defined by the number of its subtasks. A data flow containing parallel subtasks is known as a parallel stream, requiring multiple stream partitions to distribute the workload. Generally, the parallelism of a Flink program is determined by the maximum parallelism among all ...

To deploy a highly available etcd cluster using static configuration, each node must be explicitly defined at startup. This method requires specifying all peer endpoints in advance and is suitable for environments with fixed infrastructure. Key etcd Startup Parameters --data-dir: Directory for storing node data such as snapshots, WAL files (un ...

Background Recently, our testing team reported a bug where a batch product duplication API was generating duplicate product data. After investigating, I discovered this issue was more complex than initially apparent, involving multiple challenges. Initial Requirements The product team requested a feature where users could select brands and, up ...

Bloom Filter Implementation Fundamentals of Bloom Filters Scenario: An unsafe webpage blacklist contains 100 billion URLs, each occupying up to 64 bytes. Design a filtering system to check if a URL exists in the blacklist. Requirements: 1) Allow false positive rate below 0.01% 2) Additional space must not exceed 30GB (≈30×10^9 bytes) Analysis ...

Message Queue Fundamentals Understanding Message Queues A message represents data transmitted between applications. Messages can range from simple text strings to complex structures containing embedded objects. A Message Queue (MQ) serves as an asynchronous communication mechanism in software systems. It decouples communication between differen ...

Apache ZooKeeper is a centralized, fault-tolerant service for maintaining configuration information, naming, distributed synchronization, and group services in distributed systems. Installation and Setup ZooKeeper binaries can be downloaded from the official Apache releases page. After extraction, configure zoo.cfg in the conf/ directory. A min ...

Go Redis Client Implementation Installation The go-redis/redis library provides a rich set of functions for executing Redis commands, unlike older libraries that rely solely on a single execution method. This library supports both sentinel and cluster configurations. Insatllation command: go get github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 Connection Methods ...

As web applications grew in scale, monolithic architectures became unsustainable. The transition from single-tier systems to distributed service-based models became inevitable to support scalability, resilience, and agile development. Monolithic Architecture In early-stage applications with low traffic, all components—UI, business logic, and da ...