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Prerequisites Before starting, ensure you're machines meet these requirements: One or more machines running CentOS 7.x (x86_64) Hardware: minimum 2GB RAM, 2 CPUs, 30GB disk space Network connectivity between all machines Internet access for pulling container images Swap disabled Objectives Install Docker and kubeadm on all nodes Initialize t ...

Setting Up a Kubernetes Cluster with kubeadm Infrastructure Overview We will create a Kubernetes cluster using Vagrant. The environment consists of three CentOS-based virtual machines: Hostname IP Address master1 192.168.33.11 node1 192.168.33.12 node2 192.168.33.13 Vagrantfile Configuration Below is the Vagrantfile used to define ...

Node Configuration Table Role IP Address master1 192.168.40.180 master2* 192.168.40.183 node1 192.168.40.181 node2* 192.168.40.182 *Nodes marked with an asterisk are reserved for future cluster expansion. Prerequisites for All Node Hostname Assignment hostnamectl set-hostname master1 && bash # Run on master1 hostnamect ...

This command displays the expiration and remaining validity time for all certificates, including client certificates in the /etc/kubernetes/pki directory and client certificates embedded in KUBECONFIG files (admin.conf, controller-manager.conf, scheduler.conf). ### Manual Certificate Renewal The kubeadm certs renew command allows manual certif ...

Installing the Container RuntimeDocker serves as the underlying container runtime for Kubernetes. Update the package index and install Docker using the following commands:sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install -y docker.ioOnce installed, ensure the Docker service is running:sudo systemctl start docker sudo systemctl enable dockerDeploying Kub ...

Public cloud virtual machines typically route traffic through NAT gateways, which disrupts Kubernetes control plane and etcd peer communication that expects direct layer-3 connectivity. Deploying a cluster on low-spec instances requires explicit runtime configuration, network address translation rules, and careful component selection. Container ...

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform, and kubeadm is a tool provided by the Kubernetes team for quickly setting up a Kubernetes cluster. This article walks through the process of creating a Kubernetes cluster on Ubuntu using kubeadm, covering prerequisites, installing components, initializing the cluster, and adding wor ...

Cluster Architecture Provision three CentOS 7 instances with the following roles and specifications. The control plane node requires at least 2 vCPUs; otherwise, kubeadm initialization will fail. Hostname IP Address Role OS Specs ctrl-plane 192.168.10.10 Control Plane CentOS 7 2 vCPU / 4 GiB worker-1 192.168.10.11 Worker CentOS 7 2 vCP ...