Resolving OpenSSL Configuration Errors in PHP on Windows
Identifying the OpenSSL Extension Failure
Developers utilizing the PHP OpenSSL extension on Windows platforms often encounter runtime failures when attempting to generate Certificate Signing Requests (CSRs) or export X.509 certificates. These exceptions typically manifest as follows:
openssl_csr_sign(): cannot get CSR from parameter 1 in
opens ...
Posted on Fri, 15 May 2026 01:51:14 +0000 by nishith82
OpenSSL Command Reference: Common Operations and Examples
Frequently Encountered Issues
Listing Supported Cipher Suites
# View all ciphers supported by OpenSSL
openssl ciphers -V | column -t
Certificate Chain Strutcure
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
Website certificate
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
Intermediate CA certificate
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ...
Posted on Tue, 12 May 2026 16:36:46 +0000 by digitalgod
Implementing Mutual TLS Authentication with Nginx
Generating Certificates
To establish mutual authentication, you must first create a Certificate Authority (CA) and sign your server and client certificates. Use the following commands to generate the necessary keys and certifictaes:
# Generate the root CA private key
openssl genrsa -out root_authority.key 4096
# Generate the root CA self-signed ...
Posted on Thu, 07 May 2026 10:53:29 +0000 by jrodd32